The assortment of bacteria, fungi, and other creatures that reside in and on the body is known as the microbiome. A balanced skin microbiome is essential for maintaining healthy skin. Some researchers have asked whether modern habits such as frequent washing, which can strip the skin of its natural oils, disturb the skin microbiome. The evidence so far is mixed: one study found no significant change in skin bacteria after short-term washing with common cleansers (Two et al., 2016), while another found shifts in skin bacteria within an hour of cleansing (Sfriso and Claypool, 2020).
Skin and gut microbiomes work similarly. An imbalance of gut microbes is associated with inflammation and other issues (Salem et al., 2018). Likewise, inflammatory skin diseases such as acne, psoriasis, and eczema can be linked to an imbalance of bacteria on the skin, where harmful bacteria take over and can cause inflammation (De Pessemier et al., 2021). Research suggests the gut microbiome can influence immune responses in the skin, which may help explain these links (Salem et al., 2018). When your skin and gut microbes are working well, your skin is better placed to stay balanced over the long term.